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ITS BEHAVIOR, AND THE BEHAVIOR OF OTHER +COMMANDS IN THE PRESENCE OF SPARSE-CHECKOUTS, WILL LIKELY CHANGE IN +THE FUTURE.</p></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="_commands">COMMANDS</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="dlist"><dl> +<dt class="hdlist1"> +<em>list</em> +</dt> +<dd> +<p> + Provide a list of the contents in the sparse-checkout file. +</p> +</dd> +<dt class="hdlist1"> +<em>init</em> +</dt> +<dd> +<p> + Enable the <code>core.sparseCheckout</code> setting. If the + sparse-checkout file does not exist, then populate it with + patterns that match every file in the root directory and + no other directories, then will remove all directories tracked + by Git. Add patterns to the sparse-checkout file to + repopulate the working directory. +</p> +<div class="paragraph"><p>To avoid interfering with other worktrees, it first enables the +<code>extensions.worktreeConfig</code> setting and makes sure to set the +<code>core.sparseCheckout</code> setting in the worktree-specific config file.</p></div> +</dd> +<dt class="hdlist1"> +<em>set</em> +</dt> +<dd> +<p> + Write a set of patterns to the sparse-checkout file, as given as + a list of arguments following the <em>set</em> subcommand. Update the + working directory to match the new patterns. Enable the + core.sparseCheckout config setting if it is not already enabled. +</p> +<div class="paragraph"><p>When the <code>--stdin</code> option is provided, the patterns are read from +standard in as a newline-delimited list instead of from the arguments.</p></div> +</dd> +<dt class="hdlist1"> +<em>disable</em> +</dt> +<dd> +<p> + Disable the <code>core.sparseCheckout</code> config setting, and restore the + working directory to include all files. Leaves the sparse-checkout + file intact so a later <em>git sparse-checkout init</em> command may + return the working directory to the same state. +</p> +</dd> +</dl></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="_sparse_checkout">SPARSE CHECKOUT</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph"><p>"Sparse checkout" allows populating the working directory sparsely. +It uses the skip-worktree bit (see <a href="git-update-index.html">git-update-index(1)</a>) to tell +Git whether a file in the working directory is worth looking at. If +the skip-worktree bit is set, then the file is ignored in the working +directory. Git will not populate the contents of those files, which +makes a sparse checkout helpful when working in a repository with many +files, but only a few are important to the current user.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>The <code>$GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout</code> file is used to define the +skip-worktree reference bitmap. When Git updates the working +directory, it updates the skip-worktree bits in the index based +on this file. The files matching the patterns in the file will +appear in the working directory, and the rest will not.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>To enable the sparse-checkout feature, run <code>git sparse-checkout init</code> to +initialize a simple sparse-checkout file and enable the <code>core.sparseCheckout</code> +config setting. Then, run <code>git sparse-checkout set</code> to modify the patterns in +the sparse-checkout file.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>To repopulate the working directory with all files, use the +<code>git sparse-checkout disable</code> command.</p></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="_full_pattern_set">FULL PATTERN SET</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph"><p>By default, the sparse-checkout file uses the same syntax as <code>.gitignore</code> +files.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>While <code>$GIT_DIR/info/sparse-checkout</code> is usually used to specify what +files are included, you can also specify what files are <em>not</em> included, +using negative patterns. For example, to remove the file <code>unwanted</code>:</p></div> +<div class="listingblock"> +<div class="content"> +<pre><code>/* +!unwanted</code></pre> +</div></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="_cone_pattern_set">CONE PATTERN SET</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph"><p>The full pattern set allows for arbitrary pattern matches and complicated +inclusion/exclusion rules. These can result in O(N*M) pattern matches when +updating the index, where N is the number of patterns and M is the number +of paths in the index. To combat this performance issue, a more restricted +pattern set is allowed when <code>core.spareCheckoutCone</code> is enabled.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>The accepted patterns in the cone pattern set are:</p></div> +<div class="olist arabic"><ol class="arabic"> +<li> +<p> +<strong>Recursive:</strong> All paths inside a directory are included. +</p> +</li> +<li> +<p> +<strong>Parent:</strong> All files immediately inside a directory are included. +</p> +</li> +</ol></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>In addition to the above two patterns, we also expect that all files in the +root directory are included. If a recursive pattern is added, then all +leading directories are added as parent patterns.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>By default, when running <code>git sparse-checkout init</code>, the root directory is +added as a parent pattern. At this point, the sparse-checkout file contains +the following patterns:</p></div> +<div class="listingblock"> +<div class="content"> +<pre><code>/* +!/*/</code></pre> +</div></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>This says "include everything in root, but nothing two levels below root." +If we then add the folder <code>A/B/C</code> as a recursive pattern, the folders <code>A</code> and +<code>A/B</code> are added as parent patterns. The resulting sparse-checkout file is +now</p></div> +<div class="listingblock"> +<div class="content"> +<pre><code>/* +!/*/ +/A/ +!/A/*/ +/A/B/ +!/A/B/*/ +/A/B/C/</code></pre> +</div></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>Here, order matters, so the negative patterns are overridden by the positive +patterns that appear lower in the file.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>If <code>core.sparseCheckoutCone=true</code>, then Git will parse the sparse-checkout file +expecting patterns of these types. Git will warn if the patterns do not match. +If the patterns do match the expected format, then Git will use faster hash- +based algorithms to compute inclusion in the sparse-checkout.</p></div> +<div class="paragraph"><p>If <code>core.ignoreCase=true</code>, then the pattern-matching algorithm will use a +case-insensitive check. This corrects for case mismatched filenames in the +<em>git sparse-checkout set</em> command to reflect the expected cone in the working +directory.</p></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="_see_also">SEE ALSO</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph"><p><a href="git-read-tree.html">git-read-tree(1)</a> +<a href="gitignore.html">gitignore(5)</a></p></div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="sect1"> +<h2 id="_git">GIT</h2> +<div class="sectionbody"> +<div class="paragraph"><p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(1)</a> suite</p></div> +</div> +</div> +</div> +<div id="footnotes"><hr /></div> +<div id="footer"> +<div id="footer-text"> +Last updated + 2019-12-25 13:09:50 PST +</div> +</div> +</body> +</html> 